How to Buy a Gun in California

Disclaimer: This page is for general information only, not legal advice.
California firearm laws and regulations change frequently.
Confirm details with your local FFL (gun store) and the California DOJ before making a purchase.

At-a-Glance: Process

  • Get your Firearm Safety Certificate (FSC) – a 30-question test on firearm safety and laws
  • Confirm eligibility and required documents.
  • Select a firearm from the store – handguns must be on the DOJ roster; rifles must meet CA compliance rules.
  • Start the purchase (DROS) – the dealer submits your background check and paperwork.
  • Wait 10 full days (ten 24-hour periods).
  • Pick up between Day 10–30 – bring documents, complete the demo, and take possession.

Step 1: Get Your FSC (Firearm Safety Certificate)

  • 30-question multiple-choice and true & false test
  • You can take this test at the gun store
  • Passing score: 75% or higher.
  • Cost: $25, valid for 5 years.
  • Bring a valid CA ID.

You can review the DOJ FSC Study Guide before testing.

Step 2: Confirm You’re Eligible

  • Age: Must be 21+ to purchase most firearms.
  • Status: You cannot be prohibited under state/federal law (e.g., certain convictions, restraining orders, or mental health prohibitions).
  • Requirement: You must have an FSC

If unsure of eligibility, consult an attorney.

Step 3: Select a Firearm from the store

Handguns

Rifles

  • Must comply with California’s current feature and configuration restrictions.
  • Your dealer can confirm what is compliant.

Step 4: Bring Required Documents

You must have these documents at time of purchase:

  • Valid CA Driver License/ID with current address.
    • If you don’t have a REAL ID, bring a secondary ID (e.g., passport – ask your FFL what is accepted).
  • Your FSC
  • Proof of Residency – one of the following:
    • Utility bill (within the last 3 months)
    • Residential lease or rental agreement
    • Property deed/title
    • Government license/permit/registration (e.g., vehicle registration)

Step 5: Start the Purchase (DROS)

  • Dealer enters your info into the Dealer Record of Sale (DROS) system.
  • Pay for the firearm, sales tax, and state-mandated DROS fees
  • As of July 2025, California also applies an 11% excise tax (CFET) on most firearm and ammunition sales.

Step 6: Wait 10 Days & Pick Up

  • Mandatory waiting period: 10 full 24-hour days from the exact time your DROS is submitted.

At Pickup:

  • Present all required IDs and documents.
  • Perform the Safe-Handling Demonstration with that firearm under the dealer’s supervision (dealer provides a dummy round if needed)